Naryshkin-Shuvalov Palace (Fabergé Museum)

Fontanka River Embankment, 25, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 191023

A 19th-century architectural monument in Saint Petersburg. It is located at the corner of the Fontanka River Embankment, house 21, and Italian Street, house 39. The building is typical of the era of architectural eclecticism (a combination of elements of late classicism and neo-Renaissance). On November 19, 2013, the Fabergé Museum opened in it.
The palace on the Fontanka Embankment, house number 21, was built at the end of the 18th century by an unknown architect. The first owners of the palace were Count and Countess Vorontsov. In 1799, the palace was purchased by Maria Antonovna, the wife of the court master D.L. Naryshkin. The Naryshkin palace, famous for its collection of artworks as well as festivities and concerts, was visited by A. Pushkin, P. Vyazemsky, I. Krylov, N. Karamzin, and K. Bryullov.
The main guest here was always considered to be Emperor Alexander I. The fact is that Maria Antonovna, wife of Dmitry Naryshkin, was the emperor’s favorite. Everyone knew about this spicy fact, including the owner of the house. Essentially, Maria Antonovna lived in two houses. The Naryshkins had six children, but Dmitry Lvovich considered only one daughter to be his own. The father of the other children was Alexander I. Interestingly, Naryshkin and Alexander I were not enemies. Dmitry Lvovich equally loved all the children, and the emperor, in turn, left the head of the family a decent sum for raising the younger generation. Later, the Naryshkins left the Northern capital, and their relatives moved into the house, continuing the tradition of lively balls. 
It was here on April 29, 1834, on the day of the coming of age of the heir to the throne Alexander Nikolaevich (the future Emperor Alexander II), that the famous ball was held by the St. Petersburg nobility. Especially for this celebration, to accommodate just under one and a half thousand guests, a temporary wooden pavilion was erected by A.P. Bryullov in place of the inner courtyard, and passages were cut through to the neighboring Abaza house. 
In 1844, in connection with the upcoming wedding of the heiress of the house, Sofya Lvovna Naryshkina, and Petr Pavlovich Shuvalov, architects Bernard de Simon and Nikolay Efimovich Efimov began the reconstruction of the palace in the Neo-Renaissance style. The wedding took place in 1846, marking the beginning of the "Shuvalov" period in the palace’s life. 

The next major stage of reconstruction was carried out according to the project of Rudolf Bogdanovich Bernhard, created in 1859. The palace was equipped with ventilation and air heating from the "Amosov" stoves located in the basement, and skylights were installed in several rooms. 
The last owners of the palace, Pavel Petrovich Shuvalov and his wife Elizaveta Vladimirovna, née Baryatinskaya, supplemented the art collection inherited from the Naryshkins with a brilliant artistic collection. 
At the beginning of World War I, E.V. Shuvalova carefully hid paintings and decorative and applied art objects in numerous techniques, and the palace itself was given over as a hospital for the wounded. 
On August 1, 1918, the palace was nationalized, and from 1919 to 1925 it housed the Museum of Noble Life, whose exhibition was as close as possible to the residential setting of the palace during the last Shuvalovs. Later, the art collections were transferred to the Museum Fund and distributed among Russian museums.
From 1927 to 1929, the Naryshkin-Shuvalov palace housed the House of the Press, a center of activity for the Oberiu group, where the event "Three Left Hours" took place (more information here: https://reveal.world/story/chinari-i-oberiu-tri-levyh-chasa). Then it became the House of Technology, and after 1965 — the House of Friendship and Peace with the Peoples of Foreign Countries, then the House of Engineering and Technical Workers, in the 1930s — design organizations, and from 1941 — the headquarters of the local air defense (MPVO).
During the Siege of Leningrad, the palace suffered significant damage from shelling and bombing. A three-story courtyard wing was destroyed to the ground by a direct hit from a high-explosive bomb. Even greater damage was caused by an incendiary bomb that pierced the roof and fell into the attic above the Alexander Hall. A fire broke out, engulfing wooden structures and attic floors; the roof and ceiling with unique paintings by D. Scotti collapsed.
In 1963, a decision was made to open the Shuvalov Palace as the House of Friendship and Peace with the Peoples of Foreign Countries. The palace existed for almost 30 years without major repairs and gradually deteriorated. 
To preserve this architectural monument, in 2006 the Government of Saint Petersburg leased the Shuvalov Palace for 49 years to the Cultural and Historical Foundation "Connection of Times," established in 2004 by the well-known Russian entrepreneur Viktor Vekselberg. From 2006 to 2013, complex restoration work was carried out, which restored the palace’s former splendor. 

On November 19, 2013, the Fabergé Museum opened at 21 Fontanka River Embankment, offering residents and guests of Saint Petersburg a unique opportunity to get acquainted with the outstanding collection of the "Connection of Times" foundation. 

Sources:
https://fabergemuseum.ru/o-muzee/shuvalovskiy-dvorets/istoriya-dvortca
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Дворец_Нарышкиных-Шуваловых

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More stories from Petersburg: Palaces and Their Fates

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