Round Baths — public baths in the historic Lesnoy district of Saint Petersburg

29 Karbysheva St., lit. A, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 194021

The Round Baths are public baths located in the historic Lesnoy district of Saint Petersburg. This monument of the Constructivist era is situated at 29a Karbysheva Street, on Courage Square.
The place near the modern Courage Square was called the "patch" by the residents of Lesnoy – several streets converged here, and there were shops, a post office, a hairdresser, a photography studio, and other establishments. There is information that a bathhouse in the "patch" area existed since the late 19th century, and it is possible that Nikolsky used it during construction. This refers to the bathhouse built around 1882, designed by the famous St. Petersburg architect Pavel Yulyevich Suzor.

The bathhouse was constructed based on an experimental project from 1927 to 1930, designed by architects Alexander Sergeyevich Nikolsky, V. M. Halperin, Nikolai Fedorovich Demkov, and A. V. Krestin. Instead of an ordinary utilitarian building, the architect wanted to create something unusual in the spirit of the constructivism that prevailed at the time. Moreover, instead of a conventional bathhouse, Nikolsky decided to create a complex that combined not only a bath but also a swimming pool and a solarium, which later became known as the "puck bathhouse."

According to Nikolsky’s plan, a swimming pool was to be placed in the courtyard, a solarium on the flat roof of the bathhouse building, and the inner courtyard was supposed to be covered with a glass dome. The bathhouse was to be bordered by a ring shaft where the engineering communications—steam pipes, water supply, and sewage—were "hidden." To minimize heat loss, the architect slightly recessed the bathhouse building into the ground. However, Nikolsky was unable to fully realize his project. Although the building was constructed as planned in a round shape, it was technically impossible at that time to build the glass dome. Also, Nikolsky was forbidden to deepen the building, so the constructed bathhouse ended up looking somewhat disproportionate in its volumes.
"At the bathhouse, two men's and two women's sections were open simultaneously," recalls Galina Nikolaevna Yesinovskaya. "All clothing, including coats and underwear, was locked in narrow metal lockers located behind a large common bench where visitors undressed and dressed. In the washing area, there were quite a few tin buckets with handles, calculated at two per person: one to stand in, the other to wash with."
All bath accessories could be rented. There was a buffet and a hairdresser at the bathhouse.
The bathhouses operated during the Siege of Leningrad. In the autumn of 1941, they closed due to the lack of water, fuel, and electricity, but resumed work in April 1942. Currently, the bathhouses still retain their function.

Sources:
https://www.citywalls.ru/house4252.html?s=effocv2lj3oblj98c2hnd7umpe
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Круглые_бани

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